1. The solar cells currently used in photovoltaic power generation system are mainly crystalline silicon cells, including monocrystalline silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon solar cells, amorphous silicon solar cells, etc. Among them, the highest conversion rate of monocrystalline silicon batteries can reach 14-20%, while amorphous silicon batteries have the lowest conversion rate. Monocrystalline silicon batteries are also the most expensive, and amorphous silicon batteries are the cheapest. However, monocrystalline silicon requires higher sunlight than amorphous silicon, and polycrystalline silicon batteries are intermediate products with performance between monocrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon.
If the power generation capacity is large, multiple battery modules need to be connected in series or parallel to form a solar cell array.
2. Photovoltaic controller
The function of a solar photovoltaic controller is to control the working status of the entire system, prevent battery overcharging protection, prevent battery overcharging protection, and in short, it is a device for protecting battery charging and discharging. According to the capacitance of the photovoltaic system, controllers are divided into low-power controllers, medium power controllers, and high-power controllers.
3. Battery
The main function of a battery is to store the electrical energy emitted by the solar cell and provide power to the load at any time. At present, maintenance-free lead-acid batteries are mainly used in conjunction with photovoltaic power generation systems. When there is a large capacity of electrical energy storage. Multiple batteries need to be connected in series or parallel to form a battery pack.
4. Photovoltaic inverter
The function of photovoltaic inverters is to convert the direct current output from solar cell modules or batteries into alternating current, and supply it to the power grid or AC loads for use. The inverter has independent operating inverters and grid connected inverters, which are used for independent photovoltaic systems and connected to the municipal power grid system.
5. Auxiliary facilities of photovoltaic power generation system
The auxiliary facilities of the photovoltaic power generation system include DC distribution system, AC distribution system, operation monitoring system, and lightning protection and grounding protection system.
6. General wiring diagram of photovoltaic power generation system