1. The first large-scale solar power generation
In the first large-scale solar power generation, physicist William Londown of the University of Edinburgh in the United Kingdom first created photovoltaic cells himself. He experimented with a battery in 1882, and the results showed that when the concentrator was placed on a flat surface, the light would undergo refraction and reflection changes, resulting in different light outputs. At that time, this achievement provided a theoretical basis for the study of the use of solar energy to generate electricity. The following year William placed the concentrator in a sunny location, resulting in a more than 50-fold increase in the amount of light.
2. The development process of human photovoltaic technology
In the 1960s, scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology used the reflected light of glass substrates to collect electrical energy when conducting solar cell research. This research result enabled the large-scale production of solar cells; subsequently, Japanese scientists obtained the world's first solar cell based on semiconductor materials and improved semiconductor materials and substrates. After the successful development of the world's first large-scale solar cell in the late 1970s, humans have been able to use this physical property of not relying on sunlight to obtain electricity for operation. Since then, it has set off a climax of photovoltaic power generation equipment and new material applications.
3. The second solar power generation revolution
The second revolution in solar power generation refers to the transition from one application to multiple applications of photovoltaic cell technology. On July 18, 1980, John Hoffman (Owen), a professor and electrical engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, developed a semiconductor photovoltaic cell-silicon-glass (GaAs) battery system (see Figure 2). This is the world's first power system that uses semiconductor (silicon) wafers to manufacture semiconductor photovoltaic cells. It is two orders of magnitude more efficient than the polysilicon generator developed later. This is the first model applied to large-scale solar grid-connected, high-efficiency solar power generation. "At the same time, it is also used in the construction of grid access systems (such as smart grids, homes, and factories) due to its low manufacturing cost and ease of large-scale production.
4. The third global photovoltaic technology revolution
The third global photovoltaic technology revolution began in 2000. The United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and other countries took the lead in starting the photovoltaic technology revolution. During this period, photovoltaic technology developed rapidly and became the third largest power generation method after traditional solar power generation. However, due to the rapid development of the new generation of photovoltaic technology, the cost remains high. At present, enterprises in various countries are facing huge challenges. However, with technological progress and the accelerated rate of decline in the cost of photovoltaic power generation, the third global photovoltaic technology revolution is quietly approaching. In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has made rapid progress, continuous technological innovation, continuous expansion of market scale, continuous optimization of industrial structure, and accelerated upgrading of production capacity, all of which have played an important role in promoting the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry.
5. The fourth global photovoltaic technology progress.
In 1998, Japanese scientists developed high-efficiency solar cells, which were commercialized in 2002. Later, with the improvement of photoelectric conversion efficiency, it played an important role in promoting the development of global photovoltaic technology in 2003. In the following 10 years, the photovoltaic power generation industry developed rapidly and achieved large-scale industrialization. In 2009, China became the world's largest battery producer and exporter; in 2010, Europe also began to become the largest domestic battery producer and exporter. It can be said that it played an important role in the progress of photovoltaic technology in the world in the 20th century!
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